Sheet metal
Grades and equivalents
In short
Stainless, steel, aluminium: EN, AISI, UNS side by side, and how to read S355J2 or X5CrNi18-10.
Stainless steel
| EN · name | AISI | UNS |
|---|---|---|
| 1.4301X5CrNi18-10 | 304 | S30400 |
| 1.4307X2CrNi18-9 | 304L | S30403 |
| 1.4306X2CrNi19-11 | 304L | — |
| 1.4401X5CrNiMo17-12-2 | 316 | S31600 |
| 1.4404X2CrNiMo17-12-2 | 316L | S31603 |
| 1.4571X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 | 316Ti | S31635 |
| 1.4541X6CrNiTi18-10 | 321 | S32100 |
| 1.4539X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5 | 904L | N08904 |
| 1.4016X6Cr17 | 430 | S43000 |
| 1.4512X2CrTi12 | 409 | S40900 |
| 1.4362X2CrNiN23-4 | 2304 | S32304 |
| 1.4462X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 | 2205 | S32205 |
L = low carbon (≤ 0.03 %): preferred for welding to avoid intergranular corrosion. Ti = titanium stabilised. 2205 and 2304: duplex.
Aluminium
| EN AW · symbol | AA | UNS |
|---|---|---|
| EN AW-1050AAl99.5 | 1050A | — |
| EN AW-3003AlMn1Cu | 3003 | A93003 |
| EN AW-5083AlMg4.5Mn0.7 | 5083 | A95083 |
| EN AW-5754AlMg3 | 5754 | A95754 |
| EN AW-6060AlMgSi | 6060 | A96060 |
| EN AW-6061AlMg1SiCu | 6061 | A96061 |
| EN AW-6063AlMg0.7Si | 6063 | A96063 |
| EN AW-6082AlSi1MgMn | 6082 | A96082 |
6082 is the closest European match to 6061 (more silicon), not the same alloy.
Structural steel EN 10025
S355J2+N
SStructural steel (P: pressure equipment, L: line pipe)355Minimum yield strength in MPa (thin sections)J227 J at −20 °C (JR at +20 °C, J0 at 0 °C, K2: 40 J at −20 °C)+NDelivery condition: normalised (M thermomechanical, Q quenched and tempered)
Stainless, chemical name EN 10088
X5CrNi18-10
XHigh-alloy steel5Carbon in hundredths of % (0.05 %)CrNiMain alloying elements18-10% of chromium and nickel
X5CrNi18-10 = 1.4301 = 304.
An equivalent is a lead, not a substitution: compare chemistry, mechanical properties, impact at the required temperature and delivery condition, then record the change on the drawing.
Sources
- BSSA : nuances austénitiques apparentées : EN, BS, AISI, UNS (link)
- BSSA : compositions AISI / UNS des duplex : S32205, S32304 (link)
- BSSA : compositions AISI / UNS des ferritiques : S43000, S40900 (link)
- SpawBaza : équivalences des aciers : Inox EN ↔ AISI, lecture des désignations (link)
- Ekinsun : équivalences des alliages d’aluminium : AA, UNS, EN AW (link)
- Einsal : base matières EN 10088 : 1.4307, 1.4539 (link)
- Metalcor : fiche 1.4512: X2CrTi12, AISI 409, S40900 (link)
- Applus+ Laboratories : fiches EN 573-3: EN AW-1050A, 3003, 5754, 5083 (link)
Tools · Sheet metal
Cone and frustumPattern of a right cone or frustum: radii, sector angle, chord, sagitta, full-size template.Shell courseBlank length of a rolled cylinder on the neutral fibre, mass and pre-bend guide.Bend developmentFlat length of a bent plate (up to 4 bends) using a K-factor, bend deduction and bend-line positions.Plate and section weightMass of plate, flat bar, round bar, tube, angle or IPE / HEA / HEB / UPN: kg/m and total.Drilling and tappingISO tap drill for a thread, starting spindle speed and feed for the drill and the tap.Right triangleTwo known values (sides or angle): all sides, angles, slope and area.Mitre cutCut angle of two sections (equal or different widths) joining at a given angle.Square-to-round transitionRectangle to round, centred or offset: triangulated pattern (true lengths of the element lines) and a full-size template.Hopper (pyramid frustum)Rectangle to rectangle: pattern of the four faces (trapezoids), true edge lengths, bend angles, area and mass.Plate end pre-bendingFlat left by the plate roll, seam peaking, length to pre-bend, press hits, radius under load and checking template.Frame planCut lengths of a rectangular frame (mitred or butt), squareness diagonal and cut list.