Welding
Welding calculator: tools for welders
Heat input, carbon equivalent and preheat, shielding gas, back purge, welding settings, shrinkage, filler metal, weld pass layout, dissimilar metal welding, defects and ISO 5817 criteria: the welding calculations of Metalary.
This page gathers the 11 welding tools of Metalary and 9 reference charts. Each tool page shows a worked example with the default values and cites its sources; results are indicative.
Tools · Welding
Heat inputHeat input in kJ/mm (EN 1011-1) from current, voltage and travel speed.Carbon equivalent and preheatCE (IIW), CET and indicative preheat temperature (EN 1011-2, method B) with validity range check.Shielding gasRecommended gas (ISO 14175 class) and flow in L/min by process, material and wire diameter.Back purgeVolume to purge between dams, pre-purge time and gas use to shield the root side.Welding settingsCurrent, voltage, wire or electrode, gas and polarity by process, material, thickness and position; dimensioned joint preparation and passes.Weld shrinkageIndicative transverse and longitudinal shrinkage of a butt joint, with pre-setting advice.Filler metal weightJoint section (V, X, fillet), deposited weight and filler weight to order by process.Weld defect diagnosisTick what you see at the arc, in the pool and on the bead: ranked likely causes and remedies (TWI).ISO 5817 criteriaPermitted limit of an imperfection by quality level B, C or D, and verdict on the measurement (ISO 5817:2023).Weld pass layoutGroove area, number of layers and passes, numbered welding sequence sketch.Dissimilar metal weldingFiller metal to join two different metals (steel, stainless, duplex, nickel, aluminium) and precautions.
Reference charts
Welding symbolsRead an EN ISO 2553 symbol: arrow, lines, symbols, sizes, tail.Welding positionsISO 6947 (PA…PJ, H-L045) and their AWS equivalents (1G…6GR).Electrodes and wires: designationsDecode E 42 3 B 32 H5, E7018, G 42 3 M21 3Si1, ER70S-6.Shielding gases ISO 14175Read M21 ArC 18, classes I, M, C, R, N and their use.Polarity by processDCEN, DCEP or AC by process, metal and consumable.Stainless heat tint coloursTint, temperature reached and backing oxygen: how far is acceptable.Weld imperfections: ISO 6520-1The number of an imperfection on an inspection report, by group, with a section.ISO 4063 process numbers111, 135, 141…: the process written on a WPS, a certificate or a symbol.TIG and MIG torch partsThe name and job of every part, and what wears out.